Differing views on the International Criminal Court(ICC) and its mandate; the attention it has attracted world wide and the sheer novelty of the court in the face of the adhoc tribunals that were once the vogue, have all combined in the imperative of a thorough understanding of the tenor and scope of the Court’s enabling statute. This is particularly important for key players in combat and allied operations. In keeping with her mandate as the nation’s key Institution for advanced studies and research in law, the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies has, in the last year, directed its activities at meeting this challenge. Following upon the success of the 2004 Founders’ Day Lecture aptly titled “The Expanding Frontiers of Justice: The Challenge of Global Justice” which in the main addressed the changing face of International law, particularly in relation to responsibility for crimes committed in circumstances of war, the Institute organized a two-day sensitization workshop on the Rome Statute of the ICC to deliberate on and examine the issues and challenges which these developments pose. This eight-chapter work is largely, the outcome of these efforts.