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This paper studies the economic effects of legal amendments on different types of labor laws. We examine the effects of amendments to labor dispute laws, and amendments to job security legislation. We also identify the effects of legal amendments related to the most contentious regulation of all: Chapter Vb of the Industrial Disputes Act, which stipulates that firms with 100 or more employees cannot retrench workers without government authorization. We find that laws that increase job security or increase the cost of labor disputes substantially reduce registered sector employment and output but do not increase the labor share. Labor-intensive industries, such as textiles, are the hardest hit by laws that increase job security while capital-intensive industries are most affected by higher labor dispute resolution costs. We also find that the widespread and increasing use of contract labor may have brought some output and employment gains but did not make up for the adverse effects of job security and dispute resolution laws.
We examine the theoretical and empirical literature pertaining to securities laws and their enforcement by regulators and courts to establish what is known and what is yet unclear. Recent empirical research in the field has established that law matte...
This report, prepared by foreign law specialists, analysts, and consultants of the Law Library of Congress, describes the programs of eighteen countries and the European Union involving combating human trafficking, with a special focus on the trainin...
Income growth in emerging economies has often been cited as a key driver of the past decade’s commodity price boom—the longest and broadest boom since World War II. This paper shows that in-come has a negative and highly significant effec...
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